CD Marker antibodies: effective cellular identification tools
Originally described in 1982, the classification of Clusters of Differentiation (CD) markers aimed to identify distinct white blood cell populations. This system has since evolved to encompass over 400 unique cell-surface molecules, with each cell type characterised by a specific array of markers that serve as unique identification signals on the cell membrane.
The capability of surface markers to distinguish cell types allows the differentiation of T cell subpopulations with the CD4 antibody and CD8 antibody, which are each associated with distinct immune functionalities. Lymphocytes undergoing maturation through various developmental stages exhibit dynamic changes in CD marker expression, acquiring new markers and losing others. Notably, certain markers, such as the CD3e antibody (anti-CD3e antibody) are integral to the T-cell receptor (TcR) signalling pathway, emphasising their functional importance beyond mere identification.Discover our range of CD antibodies
Whether your focus is on analysing cell populations, tracking lineage differentiation, or investigating disease mechanisms, CD antibodies from St John's Laboratory deliver the precision and reliability essential for experimental workflows.
Our range includes specialised antibodies for research areas focused on hematology and immunology, including anti-CD14 antibody, anti-CD33 antibody, and anti-CD41 antibody.Key benefits of CD marker antibodies
- Precise cellular identification: CD marker antibodies allow accurate detection of immune cell subsets such as T cells, B cells, NK cells, and myeloid cells. This includes commonly used antibodies, such as the CD14 antibody, CD11c antibody and CD33 antibody, which are critical for immunophenotyping, immune monitoring and functional studies.
- Proven performance in multiple applications: Each CD antibody is validated across experimental workflows, including flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and immunoprecipitation applications. Antibodies like the CD14 antibody IHC and CD14 antibody immunohistochemistry provide insights at a tissue-level, while flow cytometry benefits from markers, including the CD123 antibody and CD146 antibody. Our catalogye includes highly cited reagents such as anti-CD9 antibody, CD79a antibody, CD41 antibody and CD61 antibody.
- Monitoring immune responses: Study activation, differentiation, and checkpoint regulation of immune cells with our wide range of antibodies, enabling insights into autoimmunity, infection, and tumour immunology. Popular research reagents include the anti-CD19 antibody and CD34 antibody, both widely applied in immune monitoring.
- Cancer & biomarker research: CD marker antibodies (e.g., CD19 antibody, CD20 antibody, CD47 antibody) are established tumour biomarkers and therapeutic targets, supporting oncology studies and drug development.
- Elucidating molecular pathways & functional insights: CD marker panels allow mapping of cell signaling pathways, immune checkpoints, and ligand-receptor interactions, supporting basic research and translational studies.
Immune cell profiling antibodies
Accurately define immune cell subsets with our range of CD marker antibodies. Our CD3 antibody, alongside CD3e antibody (anti CD3e antibody), support T cell receptor signaling research. CD4 antibody tools remain essential for helper T cell profiling, while CD8 antibody reagents advance cytotoxic T cell studies. For dendritic cells, CD11c antibody and CD123 antibody are indispensable, while CD19 antibody (anti CD19 antibody) target B cell biology. Together, these high-performance reagents are critical for immunophenotyping, innate immunity, and adaptive immune response studies.
CD marker antibodies for functional pathways & checkpoint studies
Investigate immune regulation and receptor signaling with antibodies targeting functional CD markers. CD32 antibody (anti-CD32 antibody), and CD16 CD32 antibody reagents advance Fc receptor biology studies. CD14 antibody supports innate immune activation pathways, while CD9 antibody (anti CD9 antibody) facilitate cell adhesion and checkpoint pathway research. Additional tools such as CD13 antibody (anti CD13 antibody) facilitate in-depth investigations into myeloid differentiation and metabolic pathways.
CD marker antibodies for cancer and tumour biology
Explore key CD markers driving cancer research and biomarker discovery. CD33 antibody (anti CD33 antibody) are central to studies of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and leukemia. CD47 antibody (anti CD47 antibody) enable detailed examination of monocyte biology and tumour microenvironments.
In hematologic malignancy research, CD34 antibody, CD19 antibody, and CD56 antibody support precise lineage tracking.
Additional targets like CD326 antibody (EpCAM), CD146 antibody, CD47 antibody (anti CD47 antibody) facilitate investigation into tumour progression, metastasis and immune evasion pathways.
Stem cell & developmental biology CD marker antibodies
Track stem and progenitor cell populations with high-performance CD marker antibodies. CD117 antibody (anti CD117 antibody (c-Kit)) are crucial markers for stem cell biology, while CD34 antibody reagents support stem cell isolation and developmental studies. Platelet and endothelial research benefits from CD41 antibody (anti CD41 antibody) and CD61 antibody, essential for hematopoiesis and vascular biology. For B cell development, CD79a antibody (anti CD79 antibody) is useful for characterising lineage.
Species-specific CD marker antibodies
The molecular structures of CD markers can vary significantly between species, an antibody validated for one species may not bind correctly to its equivalent in another. This is why selecting a species-specific CD antibody is a critical step for accurate and reliable results.
At St John's Laboratory, we specialise in offering a wide range of antibodies validated for various species, including human, mouse and rat. Our detailed product information clearly identifies the species reactivity of each antibody to support your research needs.
Featured human CD markers
| Human markers (positive expression) | CD cell marker | Function |
|---|---|---|
| T cell | CD3 using CD3 antibody (anti CD3 antibody) | Structure composed of multiple subunits that facilitates signal transduction in T-cells |
| T cell, macrophage/monocyte, granulocyte | CD4 using CD4 antibody | Initiates or enhances the critical early stages of T-cell activation |
| T cell | CD8 using CD8 antibody | Involved in T-cell mediated killing (cytotoxicity) |
| B cell, dendritic cell, stem cell/precursor | CD19 using CD19 antibody | Assembles with antigen receptor on B lymphocytes to lower the threshold required for stimulation that depends on the antigen receptor |
| B cell | CD79A using CD79A antibody | Necessary for the initiation of B cell signaling pathways when antigen binds to the B-cell receptor complex |
| Stem cell/precursor | CD117 using CD117 antibody | Receptor tyrosine kinase plays a crucial role in the survival, growth, activation, and movement of mast cells |
| Stem Cell/precursor / endothelial cell | CD34 using CD34 antibody | Involved in cell adhesion |
| Endothelial cell and several other cells (Mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts) | CD106 using CD106 antibody | Functions in leucocyte-endothelial signal transduction |
Featured mouse CD markers
| Mouse markers (positive expression) | CD cell marker | Function |
|---|---|---|
| T cell | CD3 | Structure composed of multiple subunits that facilitates signal transduction in T-cells |
| CD4 | Initiates or enhances the critical early stages of T-cell activation | |
| CD8 | Involved in T-cell mediated killing (cytotoxicity) | |
| B cell, dendritic cell, stem cell/precursor | CD19 | Assembles with antigen receptor on B lymphocytes to lower the threshold required for stimulation that depends on the antigen receptor |
| B cell | CD79A | Involved in B cell signal transduction initiation when an antigen binds to the B cell receptor complex |
| T Cell, B cell, dendritic cell, NK cell, stem cell/precursor, macrophage/monocyte, granulocyte | CD117 | Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in signal transduction & differentiation and development in several cell types |
| Stem cell/precursor / endothelial cell | CD34 | Involved in cell adhesion |
| Dendritic cell / macrophage/monocyte | CD106 | Involved in cell adhesion & differentiation and development |
CD marker antibodies available in several formats
Unconjugated CD marker antibody formats
Our CD marker antibodies are available in multiple formats to suit various research applications. We offer unconjugated CD marker antibodies, which provide versatility for a wide range of experimental protocols. These primary antibodies can be used in combination with our extensive selection of fluorescent, enzymatic, or biotinylated secondary antibodies, allowing for a single antibody to be adapted for different detection method, from flow cytometry to immunohistochemistry. This flexibility streamlines your workflow by reducing the need for multiple conjugated antibodies, helping you optimise your research resources.
Multiplexing with CD marker antibodies
Single-fluorophore conjugates, such as FITC, PE, and APC, are essential for building multi-colour panels. They provide distinct signals with minimal spectral overlap, crucial for accurate data analysis.
Single fluorophores
Our extensive collection of fluorophore-conjugated antibodies is designed to provide bright, clean signals for multiplex assays in flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. This range of options serves as a versatile toolkit for gaining new insights into cellular populations. Our range of fluorophores include:
- FITC Excited by the 488 nm blue laser, this classic green-emitting fluorophore is extensively employed for both simple and complex panels.
- PE (Phycoerythrin) Excited by the 488 nm blue laser, this exceptionally bright PE dye is ideal for detecting antigens with low expression levels.
- APC (Allophycocyanin) This far-red emitting dye is ideal for inclusion in multiplex panels due to its minimal spectral overlap with common blue-laser dyes like FITC and PE.
Tandem dyes
Tandem dyes consist of two fluorescent molecules that are covalently bonded together. In this pairing, one molecule acts as the donor while the other functions as the acceptor. These tandem dyes exhibit distinctive fluorescence characteristics, utilizing the excitation properties of the donor and the emission properties of the acceptor. This interaction is made possible by a process known as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), which facilitates energy transfer between the two closely positioned fluorescent molecules.
Our selection of tandem dye conjugated CD marker antibodies include:
- PE/Cyanine dyes Tandem dyes like PE/Cyanine5 and PE/Cyanine7 are both excited by the blue laser but emit in the red and far-red spectrum, respectively. This enables additional fluorophores to be added to the panel without needing more lasers.
- PerCP/Cyanine5.5 PerCP-Cyanine5.5 is a photostable tandem dye excited by the 488 nm laser. This tandem dye is ideal for multicolour flow cytometry workflows with FITC, PE, and other fluorochrome conjugates due to the absence of spectral overlap in the PE channel.
Highly sensitive HRP-conjugated CD marker antibodies
Achieve reliable, and highly sensitive detection, our HRP-conjugated CD marker antibodies. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enables direct, enzyme-driven signal development with HRP substrates (DAB, TMB or ECL) - no secondary reagents required. This saves valuable time and simplifies your workflow and reduces background noise.
Our HRP-conjugated CD marker antibodies can be incorporated in Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ELISA applications, producing robust and stable chromogenic or chemiluminescent signals. This makes them ideal for quantifying both abundant and low-expression markers with precision and clarity.
Why Choose HRP-conjugated CD marker antibodies?
- Direct detection Eliminate the need for secondary antibodies and detect directly with HRP substrates (DAB, TMB, ECL).
- High sensitivity Capture low-abundance CD markers with strong, quantifiable results.
- Versatile applications Optimised for WB, IHC and ELISA workflows.
Whether you’re studying CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14, CD19, CD33, CD117, CD146, or CD326, our HRP-conjugated antibodies provide unmatched convenience and performance.
Maximise signal amplification with biotin-conjugated CD marker antibodies
For the detection of low-abundance proteins, biotinylated antibodies present an optimal solution. By leveraging the avidin-biotin system, these reagents enable a two-step workflow:
1. Primary antibody incubation with the biotin-conjugated antibody (e.g., anti-CD14 biotin).
2. Amplification Step with streptavidin-HRP (or streptavidin-AP), followed by substrate development (DAB, TMB, or ECL).
Biotin is a proven choice to maximum sensitivity in Western blotting, IHC, and ELISA, making it an ideal approach for low-expression CD markers or complex tissue samples.Our HRP-conjugated CD marker antibodies can be incorporated in Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ELISA applications, producing robust and stable chromogenic or chemiluminescent signals. This makes them ideal for quantifying both abundant and low-expression markers with precision and clarity.
Why choose biotin-conjugated CD marker antibodies?
- Signal amplification and high sensitivity: Ideal for low-abundance or difficult-to-detect CD markers.
- Versatility across experimental applications A trusted methods for reproducible data across WB, IHC, and ELISA.
From CD14 immunohistochemistry to CD79A in mouse models, biotin conjugates provide a robust and adaptable solution for sensitive biomarker analysis.
Why choose CD marker antibodies from St John's Laboratory
We recognise that the quality of your reagents is crucial for your research applications, which is why our CD antibodies adhere to the highest standards. Backed by comprehensive data and rigorous quality controls, our products ensure consistent and reproducible results. Whether you need basic CD markers or specialised antibodies like anti-CD9, our extensive catalogue has everything you require. Our knowledgeable team is ready to assist you in choosing the ideal products for your experiments, from anti-CD32 to CD13 antibodies and more. Contact us for more information.
All products are for research use only (RUO). Not for diagnostic or therapeutic applications.